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Johannes Kepler
(1571-1630)
German astronomer, born at Weil, Württemberg, and educated at
Tübingen, where he was influenced by Copernican Principles. Professor,
Graz (1594); assistant to Tycho Brahe (q.v.) at observatory near
Prague (1600); succeeded Brahe at observatory and as imperial mathematician
and court astronomer (1601). Mathematician to the states of Upper Austria
at Linz (1612); moved to Ulm (1626), and completed and published Brahe's
Rudolphine Tables; moved to Sagan in Silesia (1628). Discovered the
three important laws (Kepler's laws) of planetary motion, announcing the
first two in his Astronomia Nova de Motebus Stellae Martis ex
Observationibus Tychonis Brahe (1609) and the third in Harmonice
Mundi (1619). Also wrote on optics, where he approximated the law of
refraction. Did a pioneer work that led to the the invention of the Calculus.
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